Analysis & Reports

Taiwan has begun receiving shipments of U.S.-made land-based Harpoon anti-ship missile systems. The deliveries include missile launcher trucks, radar vehicles, and command-and-control units, with 32 complete systems expected by the end of 2026. This acquisition is part of Taiwan's efforts to modernize its defenses against surface threats.

Indonesia has selected the Italian M-346 jet for pilot training and light combat, with plans to order 24 units to replace aging Hawk aircraft. The Indonesian Ministry of Defense chose the M-346 F Block 20 version, which includes advanced features such as a Large Area Display and electronic countermeasures. Leonardo has signed a Letter of Intent with Indonesian firms to support the aircraft's supply and operational requirements.

ST Engineering unveiled the Artos drone at the Singapore Airshow 2026, a low-SWaP multi-mission quadcopter designed for urban operations. Weighing 1.8 kg, it can carry a 500-gram payload and is intended to support infantry units with real-time situational awareness. The drone features modular architecture for various mission profiles and integrates into a broader command-and-control system with other unmanned platforms.

The U.S. Army is developing the M1E3 Abrams tank, featuring advanced systems and a pre-prototype expected in 2026. Concurrently, South Korea is advancing the K3 tank project, which aims to incorporate innovative technologies and replace the K2 Black Panther. Both tanks are in conceptual stages, with the M1E3 having a physical pre-prototype, while the K3 remains in design.

The U.S. Air Force is modernizing the B-52 Stratofortress, enhancing its capabilities with hypersonic weapons and advanced radar systems. This ongoing effort aims to transform the B-52 into a digital arsenal plane, capable of real-time data sharing and drone operations. Recent upgrades include the APQ-188 AESA radar and Combat Network Communication Technology (CONECT), allowing for improved mission effectiveness and operational flexibility.

South Korea is upgrading its F-15K Slam Eagle fleet to the F-15EX Eagle II, enhancing its capabilities with hypersonic missile capability and advanced radar systems. This upgrade aims to provide critical combat mass in conjunction with 5th-generation stealth fighters. The F-15EX is designed to operate effectively against advanced threats, despite concerns regarding its lack of stealth compared to 5th-generation aircraft.

Airbus and Singapore completed the certification of the Automatic Air to Air Refueling (A3R) capability for the Airbus A330 MRTT, marking a significant advancement in air-to-air refueling technology. The certification was granted by the Spanish National Institute for Aerospace Technology following extensive testing. The Republic of Singapore Air Force will benefit from this new capability, which is also attracting interest from other nations, including Canada and Thailand.

Airbus and Singapore completed the certification of the Automatic Air to Air Refueling (A3R) capability for the A330 MRTT, marking a significant milestone in military logistics. The certification was granted by INTA after extensive testing in Singapore and Spain. The A3R system is designed to enhance the Republic of Singapore Air Force's mission effectiveness and has attracted international interest, particularly from Canada. Thailand has also ordered the improved MRTT+ variant, with delivery scheduled for 2029.

The K2 Black Panther is currently operational with the South Korean Army and Poland, showcasing advanced features and capabilities. The U.S. Army's M1E3 Abrams is in early development, aiming to enhance protection and modularity. Both tanks are equipped with 120 mm cannons, but the K2 is noted for its agility and existing deployment, while the M1E3 is still refining its design for future capabilities.

ST Engineering showcased the Titan 8x8 infantry fighting vehicle at the Singapore Airshow 2026, following a contract with the Singapore Army announced on January 26. The Titan, based on the Terrex s5, is set to enhance the army's capabilities with advanced firepower and digital systems, with deliveries expected to start in 2028.

China's J-35 stealth fighter is in low-rate initial production and undergoing testing aboard the Type 003 Fujian aircraft carrier. The J-35, designed for carrier operations, features a twin-engine configuration and aims to enhance China's naval aviation capabilities. It is expected to operate alongside the J-20 in a dual-stealth fighter strategy, marking a significant advancement in China's military capabilities in the Indo-Pacific region.

China is testing a new variant of the J-20A fighter aircraft, featuring a redesigned rear canopy and the WS-15 engine, enhancing its capabilities. Recent tests focused on manned-unmanned collaboration and air-ground coordination. Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group aims to have approximately 1,000 J-20A airframes operational by 2030, positioning the aircraft as a key combat and command node.

Leonardo signed a Letter of Intent with the Indonesian Ministry of Defence to supply M-346F light fighters for the Indonesian Air Force. This agreement aims to modernize Indonesia's aircraft fleet by replacing older platforms and includes provisions for local support and training. The M-346F will serve dual roles in advanced pilot training and light combat, enhancing operational capabilities.

Ukraine is discussing the acquisition of JAS 39 Gripen jets and Meteor missiles from Sweden to enhance its air combat capabilities. These discussions were confirmed by Ukrainian Defense Minister Mykhailo Fedorov and Saab officials at the Singapore Airshow. The Meteor missile, known for its long range and advanced technology, would significantly improve Ukraine's operational effectiveness against Russian aircraft. A letter of intent for the export of up to 150 Gripen jets was signed last year, although no final deal has been concluded.

Germany showcased the Leopard 2A8 main battle tank at the Singapore Airshow in 2026, emphasizing its advanced digital architecture and protective features. The tank, weighing around 68 tonnes, is equipped with a 120 mm Rheinmetall L55A1 smoothbore gun and an active protection system, making it suitable for high-intensity conflicts. Its design aims to enhance survivability and operational effectiveness in modern warfare.

The F-15EX Eagle II is being deployed by the U.S. Air Force and Oregon Air National Guard for various military operations, including air policing and ground strikes. It features 23-25 weapons stations and a payload capacity of 29,500 pounds, making it a versatile strike fighter. The aircraft is stationed at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida and will also be permanently based at Kadena Air Base in Japan, enhancing U.S. military capabilities in the Indo-Pacific region.

Countries like Egypt, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia continue to upgrade and maintain M60 Patton tanks, which have been modernized with 120mm smoothbore guns and advanced fire control systems. Spain announced plans to sell 260-300 M60s in 2024, while Iran has significantly modified its M60s for enhanced combat capabilities. The M60 remains a viable military asset due to its affordability and reliability.

Rafael Advanced Defense Systems showcased the L‑Spike 1X loitering munition at the Singapore Airshow in 2026. This new weapon system is designed for company-level operations, offering both ISR and precision strike capabilities. It features a compact design for portability and operates using advanced navigation technology without GPS. The L‑Spike 1X aims to provide tactical advantages in urban and dense environments, enhancing the effectiveness of ground forces.

Tron Future unveiled an AI-assisted guidance system for anti-armor rockets at the Singapore Airshow from February 3-8, 2023. The T-Scope is designed to convert unguided munitions into precision-guided weapons, enhancing training for military personnel. The company plans further testing to evaluate the system's performance in shallow water and aims for army certification by year-end.

Tron Future unveiled an AI-assisted system for anti-armor rockets at the Singapore Airshow from February 3-8, 2023. The T-Scope is designed to convert unguided munitions into precision-guided weapons, enhancing training for military personnel. The company plans further testing to evaluate the system's performance in shallow water and aims for army certification by year-end.