Analysis & Reports

Australia unveiled payloads for the Ghost Shark underwater drones on October 19, 2023, in Sydney. The Royal Australian Navy revealed that the drones can carry sea mines, Altius-600 loitering munitions, and logistics supply caches. This development aims to enhance undersea warfare capabilities as Australia invests A$1.7 billion in the fleet, with the first unit expected for testing by early 2026.

Japan's Self-Defense Forces will initiate research on underwater unmanned vehicles (UUVs) in fiscal year 2027, aiming for mass production by 2035 to improve anti-submarine surveillance. This development addresses personnel shortages by increasing surveillance density with unmanned systems. The design will feature interchangeable payloads for different missions, although challenges in communication and operational integration remain.

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The Chinese military is conducting operations in parts of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea from November 2 at 12:00 to November 6 at 12:00, as announced by the Dalian Maritime Safety Administration. Navigation in these areas is prohibited during this period.

The Central Theater Command Air Force successfully intercepted multiple missile targets during a recent exercise, demonstrating the effectiveness of their air defense systems, including the Hongqi-9, Hongqi-19, and Hongqi-29. Military experts assert that China has reached a leading position in global missile defense capabilities. The interception was completed within two minutes, showcasing rapid response times against fast-moving threats.

The People's Liberation Army Navy conducted tests of the GJ-21 stealth reconnaissance drone aboard the Sichuan amphibious assault ship on October 30-31, 2026. This event marks a significant development as the 076 ship demonstrates capabilities akin to an aircraft carrier. The GJ-21's specifications remain undisclosed, and further testing is needed to assess its operational effectiveness in various conditions.

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The People's Armed Police Force of China and the Mobile Police Force of Vietnam conducted joint anti-terrorism training in Hanoi in November 2026. The exercise focused on combating violent terrorist crimes and included activities such as explosive ordnance disposal and high-rise building assaults. This marks the second joint training event aimed at enhancing cooperation in counter-terrorism efforts between the two countries.

Chinese Coast Guard and marine survey vessels increased operations near Japan in 2026, notably with the survey vessel 'Kexue' confirmed north of Ishigaki Island. This surge in activity raises concerns for the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force regarding surveillance and response capabilities. The Japanese Ministry of Defense recognizes China's attempts to unilaterally change the status quo in the region, complicating the operational landscape for Japanese maritime forces.

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USS Nimitz participated in Fleet Exercise 250 in the Atlantic Ocean alongside 26 ships from 13 partner nations on June 25, 2026. USS George Washington operated in the South China Sea on August 8, 2026, as part of the U.S. Navy's commitment to maintaining a free and open Indo-Pacific. The Nimitz-class carriers are experiencing maintenance challenges due to their age, requiring significant resources for upkeep.

The Sichuan ship of the Chinese Navy successfully conducted takeoff and landing tests with the Attack-21 drone, marking a significant advancement in naval capabilities. This event occurred on October 30, 2023, showcasing China's ability to integrate advanced drone technology into its amphibious assault operations. The Attack-21 drone, designed for high-intensity combat, has a takeoff weight exceeding 10 tons and utilizes advanced launch systems.

Two Chinese Coast Guard ships patrolled east of Taiwan on November 1, 2026, asserting jurisdiction and harassing shipping. Taiwan's Coast Guard responded by monitoring the operation, which is part of China's increased activity in the region since June. This presence is viewed as a rehearsal for a potential blockade, impacting Taiwan's maritime operations and logistics.

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China Maritime Safety Administration issued a navigation warning for military training exercises in the South China Sea from November 2 to November 4, prohibiting access to certain areas daily from 7 AM to 6 PM.

Japan's Self-Defense Forces will begin utilizing underwater drones for surveillance of foreign submarines starting from FY 2027. This initiative aims to reduce personnel burdens and enhance deterrence against neighboring submarine forces. The Ministry of Defense has included this project in its budget request, with plans to finalize participating companies and prototype development by 2035.

North Korea conducted a weapons exhibition on October 29, 2023, showcasing drone technology and missile launches. Kim Jong-un attended the event, which featured the demonstration of a 600mm rocket artillery and various drones. The Korean People's Army launched over 10 short-range ballistic missiles towards the eastern sea during the event. The exhibition likely occurred at Wonsan Kalma International Airport.

Chinese coast guard patrols east of Taiwan harassed vessels and shadowed Taiwanese ships in November 2026. This activity threatens Taiwan's shipping routes and military supply lines, creating ambiguity in China's maritime operations. Taiwan's response involved shadowing the patrols, highlighting the ongoing contest for control in the region.

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China and Indonesia are conducting joint counter-terrorism training exercises in Guangzhou, focusing on enhancing operational capabilities. The training involves mixed groups of personnel and covers various specialized skills, including the use of handguns and battlefield rescue. Upcoming phases will emphasize operational coordination and live-fire exercises.

North Korea tested a cluster-bomb warhead for its tactical ballistic missiles on October 31, demonstrating its combat readiness and destructive power. The 'Standard Type 2' warhead can destroy a target area of 12 to 13 hectares. The test was overseen by Kim Jong Sik, and North Korea plans to allow military units to select from four types of cluster warheads by year-end. The missile was fired at an uninhabited island target in the West Sea, marking a significant development in its missile capabilities.

The Liaoning aircraft carrier group conducted operations east of Taiwan around October 29, 2023, potentially practicing breaking through the first island chain. This shift in focus indicates the PLA's intent to maintain sustained naval operations beyond the first island chain, exerting pressure on Taiwan from multiple maritime directions. The operations involve the Liaoning and other vessels, highlighting a strategic military engagement.

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Japan and the United States confirmed effective denial defense along the First Island Chain during a defense ministerial meeting in Cebu, Philippines on October 28, 2026. The ministers discussed expanding defense investments and strategic alignment, with Japan planning to revise its security strategy documents by year-end. The meeting emphasized the operational space of the First Island Chain, which includes Taiwan and the South China Sea, and the need for robust logistics and political management in defense preparations.

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The J-20 stealth fighter jet of the People's Liberation Army Air Force was publicly showcased for the first time on November 1, 2016, during the 11th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition. Celebrating its 10th anniversary, the J-20 has marked several milestones, including its first combat posture appearance and participation in military training exercises, highlighting its role as a key asset in China's military aviation.

The People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) has upgraded the J-20 fighter jet, replacing imported engines with domestically produced ones and introducing the dual-seat J-20S variant. These enhancements improve speed, maneuverability, and operational capabilities, allowing for a more integrated air combat system. The J-20 is now a key component of China's evolving air force strategy, focusing on offensive capabilities and advanced combat scenarios.