Analysis & Reports

The Australian government is investing A$126.9 million ($90.7 million) to enhance domestic production capabilities for solid rocket motors. This initiative aims to bolster the country's defense manufacturing sector.

In April 2026, the United States announced a $1.45 trillion defense budget aimed at countering Chinese military expansion, including $2 billion in security assistance for Taiwan. The budget emphasizes a unified kill web integrating South Korea, Japan, and the Philippines, enhancing military readiness across the Indo-Pacific. Additionally, the U.S. military will expand by 44,000 personnel, reflecting a significant shift in defense strategy and resource allocation.

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China's People’s Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) has exceeded 300 J-20 stealth fighters, with production lines in Chengdu operating at full capacity. However, the fleet's effectiveness is hindered by engine reliability issues and a lack of combat experience among pilots. The J-20's operational capabilities may not sustain high-intensity conflict due to these limitations.

On April 30, 2023, the Chinese Ministry of Defense held a press conference denying accusations of radar illumination against Japanese military aircraft. The spokesperson criticized Japan's military policies and historical aggression, asserting that recent Chinese military exercises in the Taiwan Strait are routine. The Ministry emphasized the importance of regional stability and condemned Japan's militarization efforts.

Taiwan's military initiated the 'Han Guang 42' war game on April 11, 2023, to simulate responses to various potential threats from mainland China, including gray zone tactics and military incursions. The exercise, which lasted 14 days, incorporated intelligence units for the first time. Additionally, Taiwan is upgrading its Dongsha Islands port to deploy new frigates and island defense systems.

The U.S. is urging Japan to raise its defense spending to 3.5% of GDP, complicating negotiations due to Japan's limited fiscal space. Japan's current plan aims for a 2% increase by FY2027, but the U.S. has proposed specific targets that exceed this. The situation is further complicated by Japan's rising nominal GDP, making it difficult to establish new defense spending goals.

On April 27, 2023, Japan's government convened a meeting in Tokyo to discuss revising national security documents, emphasizing the need for enhanced military capabilities in light of geopolitical tensions. Prime Minister Kishi stated the importance of preparing for long-term conflict, while experts advocated for strengthening the Japan-U.S. nuclear deterrent. China criticized Japan's militarization efforts, recalling historical aggression and urging vigilance against a resurgence of militarism.

Japan is modifying its defense policies to allow the export of lethal weapons and is considering reinstating military ranks similar to those used by the former Imperial Japanese Army. This move has raised concerns about Japan's militarization and its implications for regional security. The Japanese government is facing criticism for these actions, which are perceived as provocative by neighboring countries.

On April 30, 2023, the U.S. and Philippine Armed Forces conducted joint military exercises in the Philippines and South China Sea, involving 17,000 troops. Philippine Defense Secretary Teodoro claimed these exercises serve as a collective deterrent against China. In response, China's Defense Ministry emphasized the need for peace in the Asia-Pacific region and criticized the introduction of external forces as harmful to regional stability.

Chinese Defense Ministry spokesperson Zhang Xiaogang commented on the U.S. military budget for Taiwan during a press conference on April 30. He emphasized that the Taiwan issue is purely a domestic matter for China and should not be interfered with by foreign entities. Zhang criticized the U.S. approach, stating that military force cannot bring peace and that seeking absolute security is harmful.

The People's Liberation Army Navy's 076 amphibious assault ship 'Sichuan' conducted cross-regional testing in the South China Sea in late April 2026, marking a significant advancement in China's amphibious capabilities. Equipped with an electromagnetic catapult, the ship can launch heavier drones, enhancing its operational range. Concurrently, the Southern Theater Command executed live-fire exercises near Luzon, reflecting ongoing military readiness amid increasing Japan-Philippines military cooperation.

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On April 30, the Ministry of Defense of China addressed media speculation regarding the potential introduction of the first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier. A spokesperson noted that the Navy's development is based on national security needs and technological advancements, without confirming any specific plans. The discussion was prompted by a promotional video featuring a new recruit, which was interpreted by the media as a sign of upcoming naval capabilities.

Japan's Self-Defense Forces participated in joint military exercises with the Philippines and the United States on April 30, 2023, marking their first landing in the Philippines since World War II. This action faced opposition from Philippine groups, which highlighted historical grievances. The Chinese Defense Ministry urged nations to remember the painful lessons of history and to prevent the rise of militarism in the region.

On April 30, the People's Liberation Army Navy held a naval open day in Qingdao, attended by Taiwanese citizens, including retired naval captain Lu Lishi. The event showcased over 40 active warships and aimed to strengthen cross-strait ties, despite criticism from Taiwan's government, which viewed the visit as a united front strategy. The spokesperson welcomed Taiwanese citizens to witness the achievements of the People's Navy.

The Ministry of National Defense of China will host the Beijing Xiangshan Forum preparatory meeting in Beijing from May 7 to 9, 2026. Over 120 defense officials, experts, and media representatives from more than 30 countries will participate, focusing on global security governance and related challenges. The forum aims to foster international security dialogue and cooperation.

CAE has been awarded a five-year contract to provide Training Systems Technical Support for the Royal Australian Navy, effective July 1, 2026. This contract focuses on the technical sustainment of critical naval warfare training systems, including bridge simulators and combat centres, ensuring their integration for multi-domain training operations. CAE will deliver support from Sydney and Perth, enhancing the training capabilities of the Royal Australian Navy.

Japan completed the deployment of the Type 25 SSM at Kumamoto by March 2026, significantly enhancing its standoff defense capabilities. Concurrently, the Japan Self-Defense Forces established a new patrol defense group in Yokosuka to address increased foreign naval activity. The Type 25 SSM, with a range of 1,000 km, features advanced stealth and guidance systems, marking a strategic shift in Japan's defense posture.

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In late April 2026, the People's Liberation Army Navy conducted missile tests of YJ-20 hypersonic missiles and began trials of the 076 amphibious assault ship 'Sichuan' in the South China Sea. These actions coincided with the largest U.S.-Philippines joint military exercises, involving over 16,000 personnel. Japan also participated officially for the first time, highlighting the growing military cooperation in the region. China's military maneuvers signal a strategic response to increased U.S. and allied military presence.

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On March 31, 2026, Japan's Ministry of Defense announced the deployment of the Type 25 anti-ship guided missile at Kumamoto, significantly extending its range to approximately 1,000 kilometers. Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi initiated a policy review meeting to address military pressures from regional adversaries. Additionally, Japan revised its defense equipment transfer policy to facilitate broader military exports, marking a significant shift in its post-war defense strategy.

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Rosoboronexport announced that several nations confirmed orders for the Sukhoi Su-57 fighter aircraft during the Defence Services Asia Exhibition in Kuala Lumpur from April 20-23, 2023. The potential buyers include North Korea, Iran, and India, with North Korea showing significant interest due to its aging air force. The Su-57 is highlighted as one of only five 5th-generation fighters currently in service globally.