Honduras

🇭🇳

Republic of Honduras

HND
2
Belligerents
Overview

Honduras defense profile covering gang violence, state of exception, migration, organized crime, police-military roles, food security, and source limits.

Belligerents & Organizations
Country Statistics
Demographics
Population, Total10.83M persons (2024)
Population Growth Rate1.68% (2024)
Urban Population Ratio58.79% (2024)
Working Age Population64.96% (2024)
Literacy Rate88.25% (2024)
Life Expectancy72.88 years (2023)
Defense
Military Expenditure581.27M current US$ (2024)
Military Expenditure Ratio1.58 % of GDP (2024)
Military
Military BranchesHonduran Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Honduras, FFAA): Army (Ejercito), Honduran Naval Force (Fuerza Naval Hondurena, FNH; includes marines), Honduran Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Hondurena, FAH), Honduran Military Police of Public Order (Policía Militar del Orden Público or PMOP) (2025) text (2025)
Military Service Age18 years (2026)
Active Military Personnelapproximately 15,000 active Honduran Armed Forces (2025) count (2025)
Military Equipment Overviewthe FFAA's inventory is comprised of a mix of older or secondhand and limited amounts of more modern equipment; its main supplier is the US; other suppliers include Colombia, Israel, the Netherlands, and the UK (2025) text (2025)
Conscription System18 text (2026)
Economy
GDP (Nominal)37.09B current US$ (2024)
GDP (PPP)81.04B current international $ (2024)
GDP Per Capita3,426.43 current US$ (2024)
GDP Growth Rate3.55% (2024)
Inflation Rate4.61% (2024)
Foreign Reserves8.04B current US$ (2024)
Trade Balance-8.91B current US$ (2024)
Industry
Manufacturing Value Added5.51B current US$ (2024)
Industry GDP Ratio26.13 % of GDP (2024)
Manufacturing GDP Ratio14.87 % of GDP (2024)
Natural Resourcestimber, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, iron ore, antimony, coal, fish, hydropower text
Technology
High-Tech Exports105.46M current US$ (2024)
Internet Penetration58.28% (2023)
Infrastructure
Air Transport Passengers428,443 passengers (2023)
Electricity Access95.60% (2023)
Logistics Performance Index2.9 index 1-5 (2022)
Total Area112,090 km²
Land Area111,890 km²
Water Area200 km²
Land Boundaries1,575 km
Coastline823 km
Railway Length699 km (2014)
Irrigated Land900 km² (2012)
Merchant Marine489 count (2023)
Electricity Capacity3.33 kW (2023)
Electricity - Fossil Fuel38.40% (2023)
Electricity - Hydroelectric33.20% (2023)
Electricity - Solar8.90% (2023)
Electricity - Wind5.90% (2023)
Electricity Consumption8.3 kWh (2023)
Other Statistics
Terrainmostly mountains in interior, narrow coastal plains text
Climatesubtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains text
Natural Hazardsfrequent, but generally mild, earthquakes; extremely susceptible to damaging hurricanes and floods along the Caribbean coast text
Government Typepresidential republic text
CapitalTegucigalpa text
Legal Systemcivil law system text
Administrative Divisions18 text
Internet Country Code.hn text
Internal Security and Migration Pressure
Strategic Context

Honduras links public security, migration, climate shocks, and weak services in one defense profile.

Honduras faces structural pressures that turn public safety into a national-security issue: crime, violence, climate shocks, food insecurity, and outmigration. These pressures affect state legitimacy even when there is no conventional battlefield.

The country sits inside a Central American security corridor where gangs, trafficking routes, and migration networks interact.

World Bank, 2026World Food Programme, 2026
State of Exception and Security Institutions
Governance Security

Emergency security measures show the strain on police capacity and the sensitivity of military involvement in public order.

Honduras has used exceptional security measures in response to extortion and organized crime. These measures can increase enforcement presence, but they also raise questions about due process, detention practices, and the proper boundary between policing and military support.

Public security remains both an operational and institutional challenge.

U.S. Department of State, 2024Freedom House, 2026
Gangs, Extortion, and Territorial Control
Conflict Links

The main threat comes from criminal groups that affect neighborhoods, transport, commerce, and prisons.

Gang violence and extortion can function like local coercive governance, shaping who can move, trade, report crimes, or operate businesses. The problem is not only homicide; it is the everyday control criminal groups can exert over communities.

Honduras's gang violence is intertwined with organized crime, migration, Central American gang networks, and prison-security dynamics.

U.S. Department of State, 2024World Bank, 2026
Food Security, Displacement, and Local Resilience
Civilian Impact

Violence combines with climate and inequality to drive food insecurity and migration pressure.

Honduras' civilian security is shaped by more than armed crime. Food insecurity, climate vulnerability, weak services, and unequal economic opportunity push people toward migration or risky coping strategies.

This makes defense analysis broader than police operations: state resilience depends on whether communities have safe roads, livelihoods, schools, and local justice.

World Food Programme, 2026World Bank, 2026
Migration Routes and Border Pressure
Migration And Borders

Transit migration and border management make Honduras part of a wider regional security corridor.

Honduras is not only a source of outmigration; it is also a transit space shaped by movement across borders and through transport corridors. That creates enforcement, humanitarian, and diplomatic pressures at the same time.

Mobility itself becomes a security issue when a state is simultaneously managing gang activity, climate-related stress, and cross-border movement.

U.S. Department of State, 2024World Bank, 2026
Assessment Notes and Source Limits
Assessment Notes

Honduras should be analyzed as a criminal-governance case, with care around changing gang strength and enforcement claims.

Open sources clearly support the assessment that crime, extortion, and institutional weakness are central to Honduras' security profile. Precise gang strength, neighborhood control, and the net effect of emergency measures are harder to verify.

Understanding Honduras' security profile requires examining the connection between violence, governance, migration, and civilian resilience, not just crime statistics.

U.S. Department of State, 2024Freedom House, 2026World Food Programme, 2026
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