Analysis & Reports

South Korea is upgrading its F-15K Slam Eagle fleet to the F-15EX Eagle II, enhancing its capabilities with hypersonic missile capability and advanced radar systems. This upgrade aims to provide critical combat mass in conjunction with 5th-generation stealth fighters. The F-15EX is designed to operate effectively against advanced threats, despite concerns regarding its lack of stealth compared to 5th-generation aircraft.

North Korea is actively pursuing the development of nuclear missiles on submarines, which could significantly alter regional security dynamics. This shift may provoke preemptive military actions from the U.S., South Korea, and Japan, as they seek to neutralize the threat before it materializes. The North's current nuclear arsenal remains vulnerable, but the introduction of undersea capabilities could lead to increased belligerence from Pyongyang.

Airbus and Singapore completed the certification of the Automatic Air to Air Refueling (A3R) capability for the A330 MRTT, marking a significant milestone in military logistics. The certification was granted by INTA after extensive testing in Singapore and Spain. The A3R system is designed to enhance the Republic of Singapore Air Force's mission effectiveness and has attracted international interest, particularly from Canada. Thailand has also ordered the improved MRTT+ variant, with delivery scheduled for 2029.

Airbus and Singapore completed the certification of the Automatic Air to Air Refueling (A3R) capability for the Airbus A330 MRTT, marking a significant advancement in air-to-air refueling technology. The certification was granted by the Spanish National Institute for Aerospace Technology following extensive testing. The Republic of Singapore Air Force will benefit from this new capability, which is also attracting interest from other nations, including Canada and Thailand.

The K2 Black Panther is currently operational with the South Korean Army and Poland, showcasing advanced features and capabilities. The U.S. Army's M1E3 Abrams is in early development, aiming to enhance protection and modularity. Both tanks are equipped with 120 mm cannons, but the K2 is noted for its agility and existing deployment, while the M1E3 is still refining its design for future capabilities.

Corpsman Edward Clyde Benfold engaged in combat on September 5, 1952, at Bunker Hill, Korea, to save two wounded Marines. He counter-charged the enemy and detonated grenades, sacrificing his life in the process. His actions earned him the Medal of Honor, awarded posthumously to his infant son on July 16, 1953.

ST Engineering showcased the Titan 8x8 infantry fighting vehicle at the Singapore Airshow 2026, following a contract with the Singapore Army announced on January 26. The Titan, based on the Terrex s5, is set to enhance the army's capabilities with advanced firepower and digital systems, with deliveries expected to start in 2028.

China's J-35 stealth fighter is in low-rate initial production and undergoing testing aboard the Type 003 Fujian aircraft carrier. The J-35, designed for carrier operations, features a twin-engine configuration and aims to enhance China's naval aviation capabilities. It is expected to operate alongside the J-20 in a dual-stealth fighter strategy, marking a significant advancement in China's military capabilities in the Indo-Pacific region.

Embraer is advancing discussions with Thai Aviation Industries to establish TAI as a local authorized service center for the Royal Thai Armed Forces' ERJ135 fleet. This initiative, expected to be implemented by the end of 2026, aims to enhance in-country maintenance capabilities and is part of a broader Memorandum of Understanding to strengthen Thailand's aerospace and defense ecosystem.

Russian defense companies were absent from the Singapore Airshow from February 3-8, 2025, indicating a significant shift in their arms-export strategy. This absence reflects a shrinking and increasingly concentrated arms-export industry, exacerbated by the war in Ukraine. Meanwhile, Russia is actively pursuing military cooperation agreements in the Middle East, as evidenced by recent engagements with countries like Myanmar and Algeria.

China is testing a new variant of the J-20A fighter aircraft, featuring a redesigned rear canopy and the WS-15 engine, enhancing its capabilities. Recent tests focused on manned-unmanned collaboration and air-ground coordination. Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group aims to have approximately 1,000 J-20A airframes operational by 2030, positioning the aircraft as a key combat and command node.

The U.S. Navy's Littoral Combat Ships (LCS) are actively deployed in the South China Sea and Caribbean for patrol and counter-drug operations. By 2024, crews have significantly improved maintenance capabilities, handling 70% of maintenance tasks. The USS Charleston completed a notable 26-month deployment in the western Pacific, while the fleet size has been reduced from 55 to 35 due to various operational challenges.

Leonardo signed a Letter of Intent with the Indonesian Ministry of Defence to supply M-346F light fighters for the Indonesian Air Force. This agreement aims to modernize Indonesia's aircraft fleet by replacing older platforms and includes provisions for local support and training. The M-346F will serve dual roles in advanced pilot training and light combat, enhancing operational capabilities.

Ukraine is discussing the acquisition of JAS 39 Gripen jets and Meteor missiles from Sweden to enhance its air combat capabilities. These discussions were confirmed by Ukrainian Defense Minister Mykhailo Fedorov and Saab officials at the Singapore Airshow. The Meteor missile, known for its long range and advanced technology, would significantly improve Ukraine's operational effectiveness against Russian aircraft. A letter of intent for the export of up to 150 Gripen jets was signed last year, although no final deal has been concluded.

Germany showcased the Leopard 2A8 main battle tank at the Singapore Airshow in 2026, emphasizing its advanced digital architecture and protective features. The tank, weighing around 68 tonnes, is equipped with a 120 mm Rheinmetall L55A1 smoothbore gun and an active protection system, making it suitable for high-intensity conflicts. Its design aims to enhance survivability and operational effectiveness in modern warfare.

The Israeli military conducted artillery shelling and airstrikes in multiple locations across Gaza early on October 4, resulting in at least 9 Palestinian deaths, including a child. The strikes targeted residential areas, including tents and homes in Gaza City and Khan Younis, with additional attacks reported in the Bureij refugee camp and southern coastal regions.

Southern Theater Command Air Force pilots conduct nighttime intercepts of foreign aircraft in the South China Sea. The pilots report that foreign aircraft turn off their navigation lights, making it difficult to determine their positions. Despite the challenges, the pilots express confidence in their ability to manage these encounters.

The F-15EX Eagle II is being deployed by the U.S. Air Force and Oregon Air National Guard for various military operations, including air policing and ground strikes. It features 23-25 weapons stations and a payload capacity of 29,500 pounds, making it a versatile strike fighter. The aircraft is stationed at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida and will also be permanently based at Kadena Air Base in Japan, enhancing U.S. military capabilities in the Indo-Pacific region.

Sisu Auto and ST Engineering signed an expression of interest in Singapore on February 3, 2026, to advance technology cooperation for developing Arctic-capable mobility platforms. This collaboration focuses on the SISU GTT articulated tracked vehicle and the TAURUS remotely operated vehicle system. Both companies plan to showcase their products at GRIFFIN 2026.

Countries like Egypt, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia continue to upgrade and maintain M60 Patton tanks, which have been modernized with 120mm smoothbore guns and advanced fire control systems. Spain announced plans to sell 260-300 M60s in 2024, while Iran has significantly modified its M60s for enhanced combat capabilities. The M60 remains a viable military asset due to its affordability and reliability.