Analysis & Reports

South Korea's KF-21 Boramae is entering mass production, with a reported offer of 16 aircraft to Indonesia for about $2 billion. The total cost per aircraft, including essential components, is estimated at $94 million. The first production jet is scheduled for operational service in September 2026, but Indonesia has yet to finalize the order.

The People's Liberation Army is transforming its operational capabilities, emphasizing the integration of human operators with advanced technologies like drones. Recent training focuses on real combat scenarios, particularly in amphibious operations, highlighting the importance of adaptability and multi-specialty skills among soldiers. This evolution aims to enhance combat effectiveness across land and sea.

Chinese military researchers are leveraging outputs from U.S. AI models to enhance their defense systems. This includes using techniques like model distillation to develop specialized AI models for applications in surveillance and cyber warfare. The People's Liberation Army is actively involved in this research, aiming to close the technological gap with the United States. Recent findings indicate a systematic approach to adapting Western AI reasoning for military use.

China is developing the H-20 stealth bomber, which is expected to enhance its military capabilities in the Pacific region. The People’s Liberation Army Air Force announced in March 2024 that the H-20 faces no bottlenecks and will be shown publicly soon. However, as of July 2026, there is no confirmed aircraft or first flight, raising concerns about its operational readiness and strategic implications for U.S. defenses.

On July 31, the People's Liberation Army Navy launched a YJ-20 hypersonic anti-ship missile from a 052D destroyer, marking a significant enhancement in its naval capabilities. This development allows for a broader deployment of hypersonic missiles across more vessels, increasing the potential threat to U.S. Navy operations in the region. The 052D destroyer, equipped with 64 vertical launch cells, is now capable of carrying advanced anti-ship munitions, altering the dynamics of naval warfare.

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Britain committed $11.3 billion to the Dreadnought-class submarine program on July 30, 2026, to replace its aging Vanguard-class submarines. The investment will support the construction of four new submarines, ensuring continuous nuclear deterrent patrols. The program is expected to create approximately 65,000 jobs by 2030, with significant economic impacts across the UK.

On July 30, two F-2B aircraft from the Japan Air Self-Defense Force conducted tests at Gifu Base, carrying the new 25SSM air-launched missile. This missile, with a range of approximately 1000 kilometers, represents a significant enhancement in Japan's anti-ship capabilities. The Ministry of Defense plans to officially introduce this missile system by 2027, further integrating it into Japan's defense strategy.

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The development of the KF-21 fighter jet was completed on July 29, 2023, with the first production aircraft set to be delivered to the Korean Air Force in September 2023. The project, which began in December 2015, aims to enhance South Korea's air combat capabilities by replacing older aircraft such as the F-4 and F-5. A total of 120 KF-21 jets are planned for delivery by 2032.

The fifth prototype of the J-36 fighter jet has reportedly emerged, indicating rapid iteration in the PLA's sixth-generation aircraft development. The design features a tailless delta configuration, aimed at enhancing stealth and operational range. This development is part of China's strategy to improve its air power capabilities, particularly in the context of operations beyond the first island chain.

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The Air Assault Brigade conducted a joint combat training exercise in China, featuring the Z-20T helicopter in its first practical application. Multiple helicopter types, including Z-10, Z-8, and Z-20, participated, focusing on vertical strikes and operational coordination in complex terrains. The exercise aimed to expand combat radius and improve efficiency.

The People's Liberation Army (PLA) showcased new long-range artillery capabilities in a recent public demonstration in China, featuring larger caliber rocket launches. This event marks a significant step in the PLA's transformation towards modern warfare, emphasizing the development of independent task modules and readiness for future battlefields. The evolution of military equipment was highlighted by a veteran soldier, reflecting on 33 years of service and multiple generations of equipment upgrades.

Ukraine claimed to have sunk a Russian Kilo-class submarine in Sevastopol on August 2, 2024, during a missile strike. The Kilo-class submarines, used by various navies including Russia, China, and Vietnam, are known for their stealth capabilities and are armed with Kalibr cruise missiles. The report highlights the ongoing relevance of these submarines in modern naval operations.

Iran is expected to receive a shipment of 300-400 Chinese-made shoulder-fired air defense missile systems within weeks. The deal, valued at $60-$70 million, includes QW-12 and FN-16 missiles and is part of Iran's efforts to strengthen its air defenses amid ongoing conflict with the U.S. and Israel. The agreement was signed with a Hong Kong-based intermediary, highlighting deepening military ties between Iran and China.

An unidentified drone was discovered in Iron County, Gangwon Province, South Korea, on July 30, prompting the evacuation of nearby residents. The U.S. Marine Corps confirmed that the drone was part of a joint military exercise. Local authorities received notifications about the drone's presence, and the U.S. military is currently investigating the incident.

On July 30, 2023, a J-15 carrier-based fighter jet experienced an engine emergency during takeoff and was successfully stopped less than 5 meters from the edge of the carrier deck in Liaoning Province, China. Pilot Yang Yong managed to return safely with complete test data after facing a cabin pressure loss. This incident highlights the operational capabilities and challenges faced by China's naval aviation.

Thunder Tiger showcased AI-powered attack boats, the Sea Shark 600 and 800, in Dapeng Bay, Taiwan, on July 30, 2026. The boats utilize Hivemind autonomy software from U.S.-based Shield AI. Thunder Tiger's chairman emphasized the need for government support in defense budgeting to enhance Taiwan's maritime security, especially given its geographic vulnerabilities.

China's People’s Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) has transitioned its J-20 stealth fighter from Russian AL-31 engines to domestic WS-10 engines, enhancing its operational capabilities. The WS-15 engine is also in testing, promising further improvements. This shift allows for increased production and operational flexibility across all five Chinese theater commands, reducing reliance on foreign technology.

The U.S. Coast Guard issued a market survey in July 2026 for counter-drone submarine technology to address threats posed by Chinese underwater drones HSU-001 and AJX-002. This initiative reflects a shift in focus towards securing ports and coastal areas against smaller, quieter unmanned underwater vehicles. The Coast Guard's request emphasizes the need for effective detection and countermeasures, indicating a significant evolution in U.S. military strategy in the Western Pacific.

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The 076-type Sichuan ship of the People's Liberation Army Navy is in its final testing phase, focusing on integrating UAVs into amphibious operations. It is equipped with an electromagnetic catapult and arrestor system, enhancing its capabilities. The ship is expected to enter service in 2026, with significant implications for military operations in the South China Sea and Western Pacific.

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The Chinese Navy successfully conducted a test flight of the KJ-600 carrier-based early warning aircraft using an electromagnetic catapult from the Fujian aircraft carrier. Test pilot Yang Yong overcame significant challenges during previous flights and has been instrumental in refining the launch and control processes. This advancement marks a significant upgrade in China's naval combat capabilities.