Analysis & Reports

The People's Liberation Army held a reception in Macau on July 31, 2023, to celebrate its 99th anniversary. Senior officials, including the Chief Executive of Macau and military leaders, attended the event, which included speeches and a photo exhibition commemorating the Red Army's Long March victory. The reception emphasized the PLA's role in maintaining stability in Macau and its commitment to the 'One Country, Two Systems' policy.

South Korea's KF-21 Boramae is entering mass production, with a reported offer of 16 aircraft to Indonesia for about $2 billion. The total cost per aircraft, including essential components, is estimated at $94 million. The first production jet is scheduled for operational service in September 2026, but Indonesia has yet to finalize the order.

On July 31, 2023, Japan established the National Intelligence Bureau, led by Prime Minister Sanna Takichi, to centralize intelligence functions across government departments. This move is part of a broader reform aimed at enhancing Japan's military capabilities and intelligence operations, raising concerns about increased government surveillance and power concentration. The bureau will initially consist of approximately 730 personnel.

The People's Liberation Army is transforming its operational capabilities, emphasizing the integration of human operators with advanced technologies like drones. Recent training focuses on real combat scenarios, particularly in amphibious operations, highlighting the importance of adaptability and multi-specialty skills among soldiers. This evolution aims to enhance combat effectiveness across land and sea.

Chinese military researchers are leveraging outputs from U.S. AI models to enhance their defense systems. This includes using techniques like model distillation to develop specialized AI models for applications in surveillance and cyber warfare. The People's Liberation Army is actively involved in this research, aiming to close the technological gap with the United States. Recent findings indicate a systematic approach to adapting Western AI reasoning for military use.

China is developing the H-20 stealth bomber, which is expected to enhance its military capabilities in the Pacific region. The People’s Liberation Army Air Force announced in March 2024 that the H-20 faces no bottlenecks and will be shown publicly soon. However, as of July 2026, there is no confirmed aircraft or first flight, raising concerns about its operational readiness and strategic implications for U.S. defenses.

China deployed a Type 054B frigate to Scarborough Shoal on July 30, 2023, to conduct a combat readiness patrol. This deployment included three Chinese coast guard ships and JL-10 aircraft, which shadowed US-Philippine maritime activities. The presence of the frigate and supporting assets demonstrates China's intent to maintain operational pressure in the region and complicate allied operations.

Marcus ChenFri Jul 31 2026Loading...

The Southern Theater Command of the People's Liberation Army has produced a logo and a creative short film focused on Huangyan Island. This initiative involves a team of designers and video producers, highlighting the military's efforts in information operations.

On July 31, the People's Liberation Army Navy launched a YJ-20 hypersonic anti-ship missile from a 052D destroyer, marking a significant enhancement in its naval capabilities. This development allows for a broader deployment of hypersonic missiles across more vessels, increasing the potential threat to U.S. Navy operations in the region. The 052D destroyer, equipped with 64 vertical launch cells, is now capable of carrying advanced anti-ship munitions, altering the dynamics of naval warfare.

Li MinghuiFri Jul 31 2026Loading...

The People's Liberation Army (PLA) was established on August 1, 1927, during an armed uprising in Nanchang, marking its 99th anniversary. The report highlights the significance of the Communist Party's leadership in the military's evolution and reflects on the PLA's historical struggles and victories over the past 99 years. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining strong leadership to ensure the military's cohesion and effectiveness.

China and Russia conducted joint naval patrols in the East China Sea, during which Japan's Self-Defense Forces referred to themselves as 'Navy.' In response, China issued warnings to Japan to be cautious with their terminology. The events occurred recently near the Senkaku Islands.

Britain committed $11.3 billion to the Dreadnought-class submarine program on July 30, 2026, to replace its aging Vanguard-class submarines. The investment will support the construction of four new submarines, ensuring continuous nuclear deterrent patrols. The program is expected to create approximately 65,000 jobs by 2030, with significant economic impacts across the UK.

On July 30, two F-2B aircraft from the Japan Air Self-Defense Force conducted tests at Gifu Base, carrying the new 25SSM air-launched missile. This missile, with a range of approximately 1000 kilometers, represents a significant enhancement in Japan's anti-ship capabilities. The Ministry of Defense plans to officially introduce this missile system by 2027, further integrating it into Japan's defense strategy.

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On July 30, the Southern Theater Command of the People's Liberation Army Navy conducted combat readiness patrols around Huangyan Island, showcasing the 054B frigate and CH-10 advanced trainer aircraft for the first time. UAV footage capturing Philippine aircraft was also released during this operation.

The development of the KF-21 fighter jet was completed on July 29, 2023, with the first production aircraft set to be delivered to the Korean Air Force in September 2023. The project, which began in December 2015, aims to enhance South Korea's air combat capabilities by replacing older aircraft such as the F-4 and F-5. A total of 120 KF-21 jets are planned for delivery by 2032.

The fifth prototype of the J-36 fighter jet has reportedly emerged, indicating rapid iteration in the PLA's sixth-generation aircraft development. The design features a tailless delta configuration, aimed at enhancing stealth and operational range. This development is part of China's strategy to improve its air power capabilities, particularly in the context of operations beyond the first island chain.

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The China Coast Guard conducted routine law enforcement patrols east of Taiwan on July 31, aimed at maintaining navigation order and protecting the rights of Chinese citizens, including those in Taiwan. The patrols are part of ongoing efforts to assert control in the region and ensure maritime security.

Party members of the People's Liberation Army swore allegiance to the party flag during military training in Yuexi, China, in Summer 2023. The 75220 Unit engaged in armed assault training, while the 95662 Unit was recognized for its military readiness. The report underscores the significance of party loyalty in enhancing combat readiness and operational effectiveness.

The Air Assault Brigade conducted a joint combat training exercise in China, featuring the Z-20T helicopter in its first practical application. Multiple helicopter types, including Z-10, Z-8, and Z-20, participated, focusing on vertical strikes and operational coordination in complex terrains. The exercise aimed to expand combat radius and improve efficiency.

The People's Liberation Army (PLA) showcased new long-range artillery capabilities in a recent public demonstration in China, featuring larger caliber rocket launches. This event marks a significant step in the PLA's transformation towards modern warfare, emphasizing the development of independent task modules and readiness for future battlefields. The evolution of military equipment was highlighted by a veteran soldier, reflecting on 33 years of service and multiple generations of equipment upgrades.